Direct multiple shoots proliferation of black night shade (Solanum nigrum l.) from shoot tip explants induced by thidiazuron .

The present investigation was undertaken in Black Night Shade (Solanum nigrum L.) which is an important medicinal plant. Direct multiple shoots proliferation was achieved from shoot tip. The shoot tips were cultured on MS medium fortified with Thidiazuron (TDZ) (1.0-7.0 mg/L) for multiple shoot induction. Multiple shoots proliferation was best observed at 3.0 mg/L TDZ from the shoot tip explants within three weeks of culture. Shoot number per explant ranged between 2 and 10. Individual shoots were aseptically excised and sub cultured in the same media for shoot elongation. The elongated shoots were transferred to Indole Acetic Acid/Indole Butyric Acid (IAA/IBA) (0.5mg/L–2.0mg/L) for root induction. Rooting was observed within two weeks of culture. Rooted plantlets were successfully hardened under culture conditions and subsequently established in the field conditions. The recorded survival rate of the plants was 86%. Plants looked healthy with no visually detectable phenotypic variations.

Direct Multiple Shoot Induction and Plantlet Regeneration from Cotyledonary Explants of Sapindus emarginatus Vahl (Soapnut).

germination of S. emarginatus in vitro cotyledon explants in BAP/Kn/TDZ (1.0-3.0 mg/L) supplemented MS medium and (2) in plant treatment with BAP/Kn/TDZ (3.0 mg/ L) in combination of 1AA (0.5 mg/L) of the cotyledon explants of plants and maintained under sterile conditions. While the former method resulted in as many as (7.5±8.6 shoot buds) from the cotyledonary explants within four weeks, the latter yielded on average approximately 8 shoot buds from each treated node in eight weeks. The cytokinin treatment in plant consisted of placing sterile filter paper moistened with sterile distilled water over the node and adding different concentrations of 6- benzylaminopurine. The best results for shoot bud regeneration were obtained with cotyledons, when cultured in the presence of (0.5 mg/L) IAA in combination with (3.0 mg/L). The shoots elongated and rooted directly in vermiculite after a pulse treatment with IBA (2.5 mg/L) for 15 min. Fungus growth, a serious problem in S. emarginatus tissue culture, was controlled using a fungicide, Bavistin, along with elimination of organic nutrients from the growth medium.